Introduction 1
About This Book 1
Foolish Assumptions 2
Icons Used in This Book 3
Where to Go from Here 3
Chapter 1: Focusing on the Basics 5
Mouthing Off: Basic Pronunciation 6
The alphabet 6
Vowels 7
Consonants 8
Stressing words properly 9
Addressing Folks: Greetings and Salutations 10
Formal greetings 10
Informal greetings 12
Forms of courtesy 13
Using Everyday Numbers 14
Counting items with cardinal numbers 14
Putting items in order with ordinal numbers 16
Using the Calendar 17
Expressing the days of the week 17
Managing your calendar 18
Making the Most of Time 19
Asking the time 20
A che ora: saying "at" 21
Getting into the Parts of Speech 21
Setting up simple sentences 22
Coping with gendered words 22
Nouns and gender 22
Indefinite articles 22
Definite articles 22
Referring to folks with pronouns 23
Introducing regular and irregular verbs 23
Presenting the simple tenses: present, past, and future 23
Describing with adjectives 24
Clarifying with adverbs 24
Joining with prepositions 24
Table of Contents iii
Chapter 2: Determining Gender ABCs 25
Focusing on Gender 25
Engendering Nouns 26
Distinguishing between masculine and feminine nouns 27
Noting exceptions 30
Sorting out Definite and Indefinite Articles 32
Specifying and using the definite articles 33
Knowing when (and when not) to use a definite article 34
Generalizing with indefinite articles 35
Possessing with Possessive Adjectives 36
Forming possessives 37
Using the preposition di 38
Using possessive adjectives with family 39
Considering body parts and clothing 40
Knowing when the possessive pronoun is enough 41
Enriching Your Sentences with Object Pronouns 41
Dealing with direct object pronouns 41
Coping with indirect object pronouns 42
Choosing the Proper Pronouns 43
Chapter 3: Expressing Yourself in the Present 45
Getting to Know Italian Verbs 46
Getting Personal with the Subject Pronouns 47
Being inclusive 47
Knowing when to use them 48
Knowing when to use tu versus Lei 48
Exploring the Present Tense 50
Conjugating Regular Verbs 51
Focusing on -are verbs 52
Concentrating on -ere verbs 53
Eyeing -ire verbs 54
Identifying similarities with the three verb types 56
Tackling Irregular Verbs 57
Looking at irregular -are verbs 57
Exploring the modal auxiliaries 59
Differentiating between sapere and conoscere 60
Taking on irregular -ire verbs 61
Working with essere and avere 62
Using Reflexive Verbs 65
Knowing when to use reflexive verbs 65
Looking at reflexive pronouns 66
Forming reflexive verbs 66
Liking piacere 69
Doing Things in the Here and Now - Present Progressive Tense 70
Chapter 4: Building Beautiful Sentences 73
Making Adjectives Agree 73
Tackling regular adjectives 74
Regular adjectives with a twist: bello and buono 77
Irregular adjectives 78
Invariable adjectives 78
Putting adjectives in their place 79
Forming Adverbs the Italian Way 79
Focusing on the two categories of adverbs 79
Finding a place for adverbs in a sentence 83
Comparing with the Comparative and Superlative 83
Comparing 84
Designating the best and the worst with the superlatives 87
Making irregular comparisons 88
Putting Things Together with Prepositions 90
Exploring the simple guys 90
Contracting prepositions with articles and nouns 91
Going places: a or in 92
Working with andare 93
Noting the many uses of da 93
Figuring out the Italian ins 94
Using di for possession and the partitive 94
Using the partitive 95
Putting su on the spot 95
Noting the exceptions 95
Chapter 5: Asking and Answering Questions 97
Questioning Basics: What You Need to Know 98
Tackling Those Interrogatives 99
Making more out of some interrogatives 103
Taking care of basic needs 104
Negating - Answering in the Negative 105
Pointing to Something with Questo and Quello 106
Questo (this/these) 106
Quello (that/those) 107
Chapter 6: Talking about the Past 109
Talking about the Past with the Passato Prossimo 110
Dealing with Regular and Irregular Past Participles 111
Forming regular past participles 111
Forming the past participle of irregular verbs 112
Figuring Out Which Auxiliary to Use 115
Using avere in the passato prossimo 115
Using essere in the passato prossimo 116
Using piacere in the passato prossimo 120
Using the Passato Prossimo 121
Recognizing when to utilize the passato prossimo 121
Qualifying with expressions of time 122
Forming Perfect Sentences with the Imperfetto 123
Recognizing regular verbs in the imperfetto 123
Dealing with a few scoundrels: Irregular verbs 124
Perfecting the Uses of the Imperfetto 126
When the Going Gets Tricky: The Imperfetto and Passato Prossimo 127
Grasping key terms 128
Differentiating between sapere and conoscere 129
Chapter 7: Che Sarà Sarà: Looking to the Future 131
Using the Future 132
Identifying common expressions denoting the future 133
Using the present to talk about the future 134
Forming the Simple Future Tense 134
Regular verbs 134
Stem-changing regular verbs 136
Irregular verbs 137
Forming the Futuro Anteriore 140
Predicting with the Future 141
Chapter 8: Using Verb Moods 143
Giving Commands with the Imperative Mood 144
Forming the imperative 144
Tackling irregular verbs 146
Examining negative commands 147
Adding pronouns to commands 147
Working with the reflexives 148
Focusing on the Subjunctive Mood 149
Forming the present subjunctive 150
Mastering spelling exceptions and irregular forms 151
Eyeing verbs and expressions that require the subjunctive 153
Noting impersonal expressions with and without subjunctive 154
Dabbling with the past subjunctive 155
Forming and Using the Conditional 156
Shaping verbs into the present conditional 157
It's over now! Forming the past conditional 159
Chapter 9: Ten Frequently Mixed-Up Italian Verbs and Phrases 161
Fare Domanda versus Fare una Domanda 161
Giocare versus Suonare 162
Lavorare versus Funzionare 162
Andare in Bagno versus Fare il Bagno 162
Divertirsi versus 163
In bocca al lupo! 163
Salute! 163
Lascia perdere! 164
Partita versus Festa 164
Fabbrica versus Stoffa and Fattoria 164
Appendix: Verb Charts 165
Index 179
