CONDYLAR FRACTURE MANAGMENT Geometric Plate Designs in Condylar Fracture Management: A Review of Biomechanics, Stability, and Clinical Outcome

This book presents a comprehensive systematic review analyzing the effectiveness of different geometric plate designs in the open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular condylar fractures. Condylar fractures account for a significant percentage of mandibular trauma and require stable fixation to restore function and facial symmetry. The review evaluates single, dual, and advanced 3D geometric plates-including trapezoidal, deltoid, and lambda designs-based on biomechanical performance, ease of adaptation, complication rates, and functional outcomes. Through detailed comparison of 12 clinical studies involving 165 patients, the review identifies deltoid plates as the most superior among geometric options, offering optimal stability with minimal complications. This work provides evidence-based insights into the evolving surgical approaches for managing complex condylar fractures and highlights the clinical utility of modern plate geometry in achieving successful fixation.